TLS-RPT (TLS Reporting)

Complete Guide to Email TLS Monitoring - Visibility into Email Delivery Security

What is TLS-RPT (TLS Reporting)?

TLS-RPT (TLS Reporting) is a standard that provides visibility into TLS connection failures for email transmission. It works alongside MTA-STS to help you identify and fix email delivery problems, misconfigurations, and potential security issues.

While MTA-STS enforces encrypted email transmission, TLS-RPT provides the monitoring and reporting needed to ensure everything is working correctly. It's like having a security camera for your email delivery - you can see when and why TLS connections fail.

How TLS-RPT Works

When mail servers attempt TLS connections:

  1. Receiving servers check for TLS-RPT DNS record
  2. If TLS connection fails, details are logged
  3. Periodic reports are sent to addresses specified in the DNS record
  4. Reports contain JSON data showing connection failures, reasons, and statistics

TLS-RPT reports help you identify problems like expired certificates, misconfigured mail servers, or potential attacks before they cause email delivery failures.

Why TLS-RPT is Critical for Your Business

1. Visibility into Email Delivery Problems

Without TLS-RPT, you have no way to know:

  • When TLS connections are failing
  • Why emails aren't being delivered
  • Which mail servers are having problems
  • If certificates are expiring or invalid
  • If there are configuration issues

TLS-RPT provides this visibility through detailed reports, helping you proactively identify and fix issues before they impact email delivery.

2. Security Issue Detection

TLS-RPT reports can reveal:

  • Certificate expiration warnings
  • Invalid certificate configurations
  • Potential man-in-the-middle attacks
  • Misconfigured mail servers
  • Security policy violations

3. MTA-STS Monitoring

TLS-RPT is essential when using MTA-STS in "testing" mode. The reports show:

  • How many TLS connections are succeeding
  • How many are failing and why
  • Whether it's safe to switch to "enforce" mode
  • What needs to be fixed before enforcement

4. Proactive Problem Resolution

TLS-RPT enables proactive problem resolution by:

  • Alerting you to problems before they cause delivery failures
  • Providing detailed information to diagnose issues
  • Helping you fix configurations before they impact customers
  • Monitoring the health of your email infrastructure

What Can Go Wrong Without TLS-RPT?

No Visibility into Problems

Without TLS-RPT, you're blind to:

  • TLS connection failures
  • Certificate expiration issues
  • Configuration problems
  • Potential security attacks
  • Email delivery issues

Reactive Problem Solving

Without TLS-RPT, you only discover problems when:

  • Customers complain about missing emails
  • Email delivery completely fails
  • Certificates expire and break everything
  • Security incidents occur

By then, it's too late - damage is already done.

Inability to Safely Deploy MTA-STS

Without TLS-RPT, you cannot safely deploy MTA-STS because:

  • You don't know if TLS connections are working
  • You can't identify problems before enforcement
  • You risk breaking email delivery when switching to enforce mode
  • You have no way to monitor MTA-STS effectiveness

How TLS-RPT Works: Technical Deep Dive

TLS-RPT DNS Record

TLS-RPT uses a DNS TXT record at _smtp._tls.domain.com containing:

  • v=TLSRPTv1: Version identifier (must be TLSRPTv1)
  • rua= Reporting URI(s) where reports should be sent (mailto: or https://)
Example DNS Record:
_smtp._tls.prismweb.com. TXT "v=TLSRPTv1; rua=mailto:tls-reports@prismweb.com"

TLS-RPT Reports

Reports are sent in JSON format and contain:

  • Organization Name: Domain that sent the report
  • Date Range: Time period covered by the report
  • Contact Info: Contact information for the reporting organization
  • Policies: List of MTA-STS policies evaluated
  • Connection Results: Statistics on successful and failed TLS connections
  • Failure Reasons: Detailed reasons for TLS connection failures

Report Delivery

Reports can be delivered via:

  • mailto: Email address (reports sent as email attachments)
  • https: URL endpoint (reports sent via HTTPS POST)

Multiple reporting URIs can be specified, separated by commas. Reports are typically sent daily, but frequency depends on the reporting organization's configuration.

Failure Reasons

TLS-RPT reports categorize failure reasons:

  • starttls-not-supported: Server doesn't support STARTTLS
  • certificate-expired: Certificate has expired
  • certificate-invalid: Certificate is invalid or self-signed
  • tlsa-invalid: DANE TLSA record is invalid
  • sts-policy-invalid: MTA-STS policy is invalid
  • sts-webpki-invalid: MTA-STS policy file certificate is invalid

TLS-RPT Best Practices

1. Always Configure TLS-RPT with MTA-STS

TLS-RPT is essential when using MTA-STS. It provides the visibility needed to safely deploy and monitor MTA-STS policies.

2. Use Dedicated Email Address or Service

Use a dedicated email address (e.g., tls-reports@prismweb.com) or a TLS-RPT analysis service to receive and process reports. This keeps reports organized and makes analysis easier.

3. Regularly Review Reports

Review TLS-RPT reports regularly to:

  • Identify and fix configuration issues
  • Monitor certificate expiration
  • Detect potential security problems
  • Ensure MTA-STS is working correctly

4. Use Report Analysis Tools

Consider using TLS-RPT report analysis services that parse JSON reports and provide visual dashboards, making it easier to identify trends and issues.

How PrismWeb Ensures Complete TLS-RPT Protection

At PrismWeb, we perform comprehensive TLS-RPT validation:

  • DNS Record Verification: We check that the _smtp._tls DNS TXT record exists and is properly formatted
  • Reporting URI Validation: We verify rua= addresses are properly configured
  • MTA-STS Integration: We ensure TLS-RPT is configured alongside MTA-STS
  • Report Processing: We help you set up report analysis and monitoring

When you host with PrismWeb, TLS-RPT is properly configured, reports are monitored, and issues are proactively identified and resolved. We ensure you have complete visibility into your email delivery security. This is one of our 16 comprehensive security checks that most providers skip entirely.